Heat transfer analysis of hybrid active solar still with water flowing over glass cover

M.K. GAUR; G.N. TIWARI; Pushpendra SINGH; Anand KUSHWAH

doi:10.18186/thermal.989993

Article Open Access1 January 2021

Heat transfer analysis of hybrid active solar still with water flowing over glass cover

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Manoj Kumar GAUR ¹, Gopal N TİWARİ ², Pushpendra SINGH ¹, and Anand KUSHWAH ³

¹Madhav Institute of Technology & Science

²SRM University

³Delhi Technological University

Journal of Thermal Engineering 2021, Vol. 7, Issue 6, pp. 1329-1343; doi.org/10.18186/thermal.989993

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Abstract

The aim of this research is to carry out the heat transfer analysis of PVT hybrid active solar still (HASS) at different water depth to obtain maximum output. Experimentation is performed for validation of thermal modeling with and without flowing water, having water depth of 0.15m in the solar still basin. During experimentation, water flows above the glass cover. Theoretically calculated values of basin water, basin liner, glass temperature and yield obtained using thermal modeling are very near to the experimental values having correlation coefficients 0.988, 0.981, 0.999 and 0.985 respectively. It is also found that thermal efficiency and daily exergy output increases by 4% and 8.2% respectively for this hybrid system whose glass cover is getting cooled by water flowing over it. Theoretical calculation for distillate output of the system was also calculated out for various climatic conditions of India using developed thermal modeling and it is found that proposed system gives higher annual yield of 2756.67 kg/m2 for the climate of Mumbai. The experimental uncertainty of the HASS is obtained as 14.82%.

Keywords: PVT collector; Thermal efficiency; Hybrid active solar still; Thermal Modeling

References

Mohamed AF, Hegazi AA, Sultan GI, El-Said EMS. AUTHORSHIP CONTRIBUTIONS Augmented heat and mass transfer effect on per- Design, Materials, Data Analysis, Writing: M.K. Gaur; formance of a solar still using porous absorber: Concept: G.N. Tiwari; Critical revision: P. Singh; Literature Experimental investigation and exergetic analysis. Search: A. Kushwah. Appl Therm Eng 2019;150:1206–15. [CrossRef] J Ther Eng, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 1329–1343, September, 2021 1341
Bait O. Exergy, environ–economic and economic analyses of a tubular solar water heater assisted solar solar still by means of vertical back wall. Int. Symp. still. J Clean Prod 2019;212:630–46. [CrossRef] Work. Renew. Energy Sources, Lahore: 1984.
Telkes M. Improved Solar Stills. Trans Conf Use Sol Energy. Sci Basis, Tuscon Arizona, Vol. 3, October Sol Energy Agric. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1991:255– 31- November 1: 1955:145–53 (Chapter 14, part 2). 94 (Chapter 8).
Cooper PI. Digital simulation of transient solar still processes. Sol Energy 1969;12:313–31. [CrossRef] Renew. Energy Sources, Lahore: 1984.
Cooper PI. The maximum efficiency of single-effect solar stills. Sol Energy 1973;15:205–17. [CrossRef] D. A Review on Solar Water Distillation Using
Dunkle RV. Solar water distillation: the roof type Sensible and Latent Heat. Procedia Earth Planet Sci still and a multiple effect diffusion still. Int Heat 2015;11:354–60. [CrossRef] Transf Conf Colorado, USA. 1961:895–902. [27] Tiwari GN, Madhuri. Effect of water depth on daily
Rahbar N, Esfahani JA. Productivity estimation of yield of the still. Desalination 1987;61:67–75. [CrossRef] a single-slope solar still: Theoretical and numerical [28] Tsilingiris PT. Theoretical derivation and compara- analysis. Energy 2013;49:289–97. [CrossRef] tive evaluation of mass transfer coefficient model-
Malik MAS, Tiwari GN, Kumar A, Sodha MS. Solar ing in solar distillation systems - The Bowens ratio Distillation: A Practical Study of a Wide Range of approach. Sol Energy 2015;112:218–31. [CrossRef] Stills and Their Optimum Design, Construction [29] Kumar S, Tiwari GN. Estimation of internal heat and Performance. 1st ed. Newyork: Pergamon Press, transfer coefficients of a hybrid (PV/T) active solar Oxford; 1982. still. Sol Energy 2009;83:1656–67. [CrossRef]
Tiwari GN, Tiwari A. Solar distillation practice in water desalination systems. Tunbridge Wells, UK: photovoltaic thermal (PV/T)-active solar still. Int J Anshan; 2008. Energy Res 2008;32:847–58. [CrossRef]
Kumar S, Tiwari GN. Performance evaluation of an active solar distillation system. Energy 1996;21:805– collectors for integrated PV/T hybrid active solar
[CrossRef] still. Appl Energy 2010;87:1763–72. [CrossRef]
Sanjeev K, Tiwari GN. Optimization of daily yield for an active double effect distillation with water flow. type solar stills integrated with N identical photo- Energy Convers Manag 1999;40:703–15. [CrossRef] voltaic thermal (PVT) compound parabolic concen-
Zurigat YH, Abu-Arabi MK. Modelling and perfor- trator (CPC) collectors: A comparative study. Sol mance analysis of a regenerative solar desalination Energy 2017;142:144–58. [CrossRef] unit. Appl Therm Eng 2004;24:1061–72. [CrossRef] [33] Kabeel AE, Abdelgaied M. Observational study
Sinha S, Kumar. Sanjay. Theoretical evaluation of of modified solar still coupled with oil serpentine air regenerative solar distiller integrated with aspi- loop from cylindrical parabolic concentrator and rator. Renew Energy 1994;4:311-8. https://doi. phase changing material under basin. Sol Energy org/10.1016/0960-1481(94)90034–5. 2017;144:71–8. [CrossRef]
Prakash J, Kavathekar AK. Performance predic- tion of a regenerative solar still. Sol Wind Technol and cost analysis of a finned single basin solar still. 1986;3:119–25. [CrossRef] Applied Thermal Engineering 2017;110:787–94.
Tiwari GN, Sinha S. Parametric studies of active [CrossRef] regenerative solar still. Energy Convers Manag [35] Muthu Manokar A, Prince Winston D, Kabeel 1993;34:209–18. [CrossRef] AE, El-Agouz SA, Sathyamurthy R, Arunkumar
Lawrence SA, Gupta SP, Tiwari GN. Effect of Heat T, et al. Integrated PV/T solar still- A mini-review. capacity on the performance of solar still with water Desalination 2018;435:259–67. [CrossRef] flow over the glass cover. Energy Convers Manag [36] Boubekri M, Chaker A, Cheknane A. Modeling 1990;30:277–85. [CrossRef] and simulation of the continuous production of an
Singh AK, Tiwari GN. Thermal evaluation of regen- improved solar still coupled with a photovoltaic/ erative active solar distillation under thermosyphon thermal solar water heater system. Desalination mode. Energy Convers Manag 1993;34:697–706. 2013;331:6–15. [CrossRef] [CrossRef] [37] Singh HN, Tiwari GN. Monthly performance of
Abu-Hijleh BAK. Enhanced solar still perfor- passive and active solar stills for different Indian mance using water film cooling of the glass cover. climatic conditions. Desalination 2004;168:145–50. Desalination 1996;107:235–44. [CrossRef] [CrossRef] 1342 J Ther Eng, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 1329–1343, September, 2021
Arunkumar T, Kabeel AE, Raj K, Denkenberger D, a sustainable future. Renew Sustain Energy Rev Sathyamurthy R, Ragupathy P, et al. Productivity 2008;12:593–661. [CrossRef] enhancement of solar still by using porous [41] Petela R. Exergy of undiluted thermal radiation. Sol absorber with bubble-wrap insulation. J Clean Prod Energy 2003;74:469–88. [CrossRef] 2018;195:1149–61. [CrossRef] [42] Kumar S, Tiwari GN. Estimation of convective mass
Dubey S, Tiwari GN. Thermal modeling of a com- transfer in solar distillation systems. Sol Energy bined system of photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) solar 1996;57:459–64. [CrossRef] water heater. Sol Energy 2008;82:602–12. [CrossRef]
Hepbasli A. A key review on exergetic analysis and assessment of renewable energy resources for J Ther Eng, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 1329–1343, September, 2021 1343

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GAUR, M.; TIWARI, G.; SINGH, P.; KUSHWAH, A. Heat transfer analysis of hybrid active solar still with water flowing over glass cover. Journal of Thermal Engineering 2021, Vol. 7, pp. 1329-1343. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.989993

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Heat transfer analysis of hybrid active solar still with water flowing over glass cover

¹Madhav Institute of Technology & Science

²SRM University

³Delhi Technological University

Abstract

References

Mohamed AF, Hegazi AA, Sultan GI, El-Said EMS. AUTHORSHIP CONTRIBUTIONS Augmented heat and mass transfer effect on per- Design, Materials, Data Analysis, Writing: M.K. Gaur; formance of a solar still using porous absorber: Concept: G.N. Tiwari; Critical revision: P. Singh; Literature Experimental investigation and exergetic analysis. Search: A. Kushwah. Appl Therm Eng 2019;150:1206–15. [CrossRef] J Ther Eng, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 1329–1343, September, 2021 1341
Bait O. Exergy, environ–economic and economic analyses of a tubular solar water heater assisted solar solar still by means of vertical back wall. Int. Symp. still. J Clean Prod 2019;212:630–46. [CrossRef] Work. Renew. Energy Sources, Lahore: 1984.
Telkes M. Improved Solar Stills. Trans Conf Use Sol Energy. Sci Basis, Tuscon Arizona, Vol. 3, October Sol Energy Agric. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1991:255– 31- November 1: 1955:145–53 (Chapter 14, part 2). 94 (Chapter 8).
Cooper PI. Digital simulation of transient solar still processes. Sol Energy 1969;12:313–31. [CrossRef] Renew. Energy Sources, Lahore: 1984.
Cooper PI. The maximum efficiency of single-effect solar stills. Sol Energy 1973;15:205–17. [CrossRef] D. A Review on Solar Water Distillation Using
Dunkle RV. Solar water distillation: the roof type Sensible and Latent Heat. Procedia Earth Planet Sci still and a multiple effect diffusion still. Int Heat 2015;11:354–60. [CrossRef] Transf Conf Colorado, USA. 1961:895–902. [27] Tiwari GN, Madhuri. Effect of water depth on daily
Rahbar N, Esfahani JA. Productivity estimation of yield of the still. Desalination 1987;61:67–75. [CrossRef] a single-slope solar still: Theoretical and numerical [28] Tsilingiris PT. Theoretical derivation and compara- analysis. Energy 2013;49:289–97. [CrossRef] tive evaluation of mass transfer coefficient model-
Malik MAS, Tiwari GN, Kumar A, Sodha MS. Solar ing in solar distillation systems - The Bowens ratio Distillation: A Practical Study of a Wide Range of approach. Sol Energy 2015;112:218–31. [CrossRef] Stills and Their Optimum Design, Construction [29] Kumar S, Tiwari GN. Estimation of internal heat and Performance. 1st ed. Newyork: Pergamon Press, transfer coefficients of a hybrid (PV/T) active solar Oxford; 1982. still. Sol Energy 2009;83:1656–67. [CrossRef]
Tiwari GN, Tiwari A. Solar distillation practice in water desalination systems. Tunbridge Wells, UK: photovoltaic thermal (PV/T)-active solar still. Int J Anshan; 2008. Energy Res 2008;32:847–58. [CrossRef]
Kumar S, Tiwari GN. Performance evaluation of an active solar distillation system. Energy 1996;21:805– collectors for integrated PV/T hybrid active solar
[CrossRef] still. Appl Energy 2010;87:1763–72. [CrossRef]
Sanjeev K, Tiwari GN. Optimization of daily yield for an active double effect distillation with water flow. type solar stills integrated with N identical photo- Energy Convers Manag 1999;40:703–15. [CrossRef] voltaic thermal (PVT) compound parabolic concen-
Zurigat YH, Abu-Arabi MK. Modelling and perfor- trator (CPC) collectors: A comparative study. Sol mance analysis of a regenerative solar desalination Energy 2017;142:144–58. [CrossRef] unit. Appl Therm Eng 2004;24:1061–72. [CrossRef] [33] Kabeel AE, Abdelgaied M. Observational study
Sinha S, Kumar. Sanjay. Theoretical evaluation of of modified solar still coupled with oil serpentine air regenerative solar distiller integrated with aspi- loop from cylindrical parabolic concentrator and rator. Renew Energy 1994;4:311-8. https://doi. phase changing material under basin. Sol Energy org/10.1016/0960-1481(94)90034–5. 2017;144:71–8. [CrossRef]
Prakash J, Kavathekar AK. Performance predic- tion of a regenerative solar still. Sol Wind Technol and cost analysis of a finned single basin solar still. 1986;3:119–25. [CrossRef] Applied Thermal Engineering 2017;110:787–94.
Tiwari GN, Sinha S. Parametric studies of active [CrossRef] regenerative solar still. Energy Convers Manag [35] Muthu Manokar A, Prince Winston D, Kabeel 1993;34:209–18. [CrossRef] AE, El-Agouz SA, Sathyamurthy R, Arunkumar
Lawrence SA, Gupta SP, Tiwari GN. Effect of Heat T, et al. Integrated PV/T solar still- A mini-review. capacity on the performance of solar still with water Desalination 2018;435:259–67. [CrossRef] flow over the glass cover. Energy Convers Manag [36] Boubekri M, Chaker A, Cheknane A. Modeling 1990;30:277–85. [CrossRef] and simulation of the continuous production of an
Singh AK, Tiwari GN. Thermal evaluation of regen- improved solar still coupled with a photovoltaic/ erative active solar distillation under thermosyphon thermal solar water heater system. Desalination mode. Energy Convers Manag 1993;34:697–706. 2013;331:6–15. [CrossRef] [CrossRef] [37] Singh HN, Tiwari GN. Monthly performance of
Abu-Hijleh BAK. Enhanced solar still perfor- passive and active solar stills for different Indian mance using water film cooling of the glass cover. climatic conditions. Desalination 2004;168:145–50. Desalination 1996;107:235–44. [CrossRef] [CrossRef] 1342 J Ther Eng, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 1329–1343, September, 2021
Arunkumar T, Kabeel AE, Raj K, Denkenberger D, a sustainable future. Renew Sustain Energy Rev Sathyamurthy R, Ragupathy P, et al. Productivity 2008;12:593–661. [CrossRef] enhancement of solar still by using porous [41] Petela R. Exergy of undiluted thermal radiation. Sol absorber with bubble-wrap insulation. J Clean Prod Energy 2003;74:469–88. [CrossRef] 2018;195:1149–61. [CrossRef] [42] Kumar S, Tiwari GN. Estimation of convective mass
Dubey S, Tiwari GN. Thermal modeling of a com- transfer in solar distillation systems. Sol Energy bined system of photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) solar 1996;57:459–64. [CrossRef] water heater. Sol Energy 2008;82:602–12. [CrossRef]
Hepbasli A. A key review on exergetic analysis and assessment of renewable energy resources for J Ther Eng, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 1329–1343, September, 2021 1343

Share and Cite

Export:

[1] Mohamed AF, Hegazi AA, Sultan GI, El-Said EMS. AUTHORSHIP CONTRIBUTIONS Augmented heat and mass transfer effect on per- Design, Materials, Data Analysis, Writing: M.K. Gaur; formance of a solar still using porous absorber: Concept: G.N. Tiwari; Critical revision: P. Singh; Literature Experimental investigation and exergetic analysis. Search: A. Kushwah. Appl Therm Eng 2019;150:1206–15. [CrossRef] J Ther Eng, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 1329–1343, September, 2021 1341

[2] Bait O. Exergy, environ–economic and economic analyses of a tubular solar water heater assisted solar solar still by means of vertical back wall. Int. Symp. still. J Clean Prod 2019;212:630–46. [CrossRef] Work. Renew. Energy Sources, Lahore: 1984.

[3] Telkes M. Improved Solar Stills. Trans Conf Use Sol Energy. Sci Basis, Tuscon Arizona, Vol. 3, October Sol Energy Agric. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1991:255– 31- November 1: 1955:145–53 (Chapter 14, part 2). 94 (Chapter 8).

[4] Cooper PI. Digital simulation of transient solar still processes. Sol Energy 1969;12:313–31. [CrossRef] Renew. Energy Sources, Lahore: 1984.

[5] Cooper PI. The maximum efficiency of single-effect solar stills. Sol Energy 1973;15:205–17. [CrossRef] D. A Review on Solar Water Distillation Using

[6] Dunkle RV. Solar water distillation: the roof type Sensible and Latent Heat. Procedia Earth Planet Sci still and a multiple effect diffusion still. Int Heat 2015;11:354–60. [CrossRef] Transf Conf Colorado, USA. 1961:895–902. [27] Tiwari GN, Madhuri. Effect of water depth on daily

[7] Rahbar N, Esfahani JA. Productivity estimation of yield of the still. Desalination 1987;61:67–75. [CrossRef] a single-slope solar still: Theoretical and numerical [28] Tsilingiris PT. Theoretical derivation and compara- analysis. Energy 2013;49:289–97. [CrossRef] tive evaluation of mass transfer coefficient model-

[8] Malik MAS, Tiwari GN, Kumar A, Sodha MS. Solar ing in solar distillation systems - The Bowens ratio Distillation: A Practical Study of a Wide Range of approach. Sol Energy 2015;112:218–31. [CrossRef] Stills and Their Optimum Design, Construction [29] Kumar S, Tiwari GN. Estimation of internal heat and Performance. 1st ed. Newyork: Pergamon Press, transfer coefficients of a hybrid (PV/T) active solar Oxford; 1982. still. Sol Energy 2009;83:1656–67. [CrossRef]

[9] Tiwari GN, Tiwari A. Solar distillation practice in water desalination systems. Tunbridge Wells, UK: photovoltaic thermal (PV/T)-active solar still. Int J Anshan; 2008. Energy Res 2008;32:847–58. [CrossRef]

[10] Kumar S, Tiwari GN. Performance evaluation of an active solar distillation system. Energy 1996;21:805– collectors for integrated PV/T hybrid active solar

[11] [CrossRef] still. Appl Energy 2010;87:1763–72. [CrossRef]

[12] Sanjeev K, Tiwari GN. Optimization of daily yield for an active double effect distillation with water flow. type solar stills integrated with N identical photo- Energy Convers Manag 1999;40:703–15. [CrossRef] voltaic thermal (PVT) compound parabolic concen-

[13] Zurigat YH, Abu-Arabi MK. Modelling and perfor- trator (CPC) collectors: A comparative study. Sol mance analysis of a regenerative solar desalination Energy 2017;142:144–58. [CrossRef] unit. Appl Therm Eng 2004;24:1061–72. [CrossRef] [33] Kabeel AE, Abdelgaied M. Observational study

[14] Sinha S, Kumar. Sanjay. Theoretical evaluation of of modified solar still coupled with oil serpentine air regenerative solar distiller integrated with aspi- loop from cylindrical parabolic concentrator and rator. Renew Energy 1994;4:311-8. https://doi. phase changing material under basin. Sol Energy org/10.1016/0960-1481(94)90034–5. 2017;144:71–8. [CrossRef]

[15] Prakash J, Kavathekar AK. Performance predic- tion of a regenerative solar still. Sol Wind Technol and cost analysis of a finned single basin solar still. 1986;3:119–25. [CrossRef] Applied Thermal Engineering 2017;110:787–94.

[16] Tiwari GN, Sinha S. Parametric studies of active [CrossRef] regenerative solar still. Energy Convers Manag [35] Muthu Manokar A, Prince Winston D, Kabeel 1993;34:209–18. [CrossRef] AE, El-Agouz SA, Sathyamurthy R, Arunkumar

[17] Lawrence SA, Gupta SP, Tiwari GN. Effect of Heat T, et al. Integrated PV/T solar still- A mini-review. capacity on the performance of solar still with water Desalination 2018;435:259–67. [CrossRef] flow over the glass cover. Energy Convers Manag [36] Boubekri M, Chaker A, Cheknane A. Modeling 1990;30:277–85. [CrossRef] and simulation of the continuous production of an

[18] Singh AK, Tiwari GN. Thermal evaluation of regen- improved solar still coupled with a photovoltaic/ erative active solar distillation under thermosyphon thermal solar water heater system. Desalination mode. Energy Convers Manag 1993;34:697–706. 2013;331:6–15. [CrossRef] [CrossRef] [37] Singh HN, Tiwari GN. Monthly performance of

[19] Abu-Hijleh BAK. Enhanced solar still perfor- passive and active solar stills for different Indian mance using water film cooling of the glass cover. climatic conditions. Desalination 2004;168:145–50. Desalination 1996;107:235–44. [CrossRef] [CrossRef] 1342 J Ther Eng, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 1329–1343, September, 2021

[20] Arunkumar T, Kabeel AE, Raj K, Denkenberger D, a sustainable future. Renew Sustain Energy Rev Sathyamurthy R, Ragupathy P, et al. Productivity 2008;12:593–661. [CrossRef] enhancement of solar still by using porous [41] Petela R. Exergy of undiluted thermal radiation. Sol absorber with bubble-wrap insulation. J Clean Prod Energy 2003;74:469–88. [CrossRef] 2018;195:1149–61. [CrossRef] [42] Kumar S, Tiwari GN. Estimation of convective mass

[21] Dubey S, Tiwari GN. Thermal modeling of a com- transfer in solar distillation systems. Sol Energy bined system of photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) solar 1996;57:459–64. [CrossRef] water heater. Sol Energy 2008;82:602–12. [CrossRef]

[22] Hepbasli A. A key review on exergetic analysis and assessment of renewable energy resources for J Ther Eng, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 1329–1343, September, 2021 1343

Published	1 January 2021
Version	v1
Access	Open Access

Published	1 January 2021
Version	v1
Access	Open Access

Heat transfer analysis of hybrid active solar still with water flowing over glass cover

Abstract

References

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Heat transfer analysis of hybrid active solar still with water flowing over glass cover

Abstract

References

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