- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1350-1358Open AccessAlgerias rosmarinus officinalis l juniperus phenicea and peel grenadine reactions to shade and solar
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), juniper (Juniperus phoenicea), and pomegranate peel are widely used in the food and medical industries in the Mediterranean region. However, preventing determination of the most accurate drying method; likewise, studies on the effectiveness of their extracts against bacteria and…
- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1337-1349Open AccessComputation of compressible non-isothermal power-law model developed Taylor-Galerkin Pressure-corre
In this study, a modified Taylor-Galerkin/pressure-correction finite-element approach has been developed to analyze non-isothermal, compressible, non-Newtonian, and inelastic fluid flows. In many cases, the coupling of viscosity and density to pressure and temperature is critical for accurate simulation of complex in…
- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1233-1242Open AccessComputational analysis of blade tip-to-tower clearance effects on horizontal-axis tidal current turb
Early tidal turbine deployment is expected to occur in relatively shallow waters, where monopile support structures are widely adopted due to their structural simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and ease of installation. However, the influence of tip to-tower clearance and symmetry boundary conditions on turbine performa…
- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1359-1367Open AccessEffect of annular solar eclipse on ionospheric total electron content over low latitude
Solar eclipses provide a distinctive opportunity to study the interactions between solar radiation and the Earth’s ionosphere. This study focuses on the ionospheric response, particularly Total Electron Content (TEC) variations, during the annular solar eclipse on December 26, 2019. TEC from four GNSS stations, YIBL…
- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1282-1309Open AccessEffect of modifications of auxiliary surface attached to a rectangular vortex generator
Effective surface cooling techniques are in demand by various industries. Such techniques improve system performance and keep it within the safe thermal threshold. Thus, active heat dissipation methods are of utmost importance. One such method involves the use of an extended surface. Extended surfaces, like fin, impr…
- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1403-1415Open AccessEffect of symmetric and asymmetric non-uniform magnetic field on hydrodynamically developed and ther
This study examines the heat-transfer characteristics of the hydrodynamically established, thermally developing flow of ferrofluid (Fe3O4 + water) in a 2-mm-diameter circular channel under the influence of both symmetric and asymmetric non-uniform magnetic fields. The Langevin function is employed to induce magnetiza…
- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1381-1393Open AccessEnergy and exergy analyses of a lab-scale open-cycle steam power plant at different boiler pressures
In contrast to conventional steam power plants, which employ high-pressure closed cycles, this study presents energy and exergy analyses of a non-conventional lab-scale steam power plant across different boiler pressures, with an emphasis on the effect of cycle openness. Energy loss from the condenser, turbine work,…
- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1243-1257Open AccessExperimental and 2D CFD study of thermoacoustic instabilities
Thermoacoustic instability, caused by the interaction of unsteady heat release and acoustic waves, is a significant challenge in combustion systems such as gas turbines and aero engines. To identify instability thresholds, this study investigates thermo-acoustic instability in a horizontal Rijke tube through experime…
- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1324-1336Open AccessInfluence of nanoparticle additives on performance and emissions of biodiesel blends a critical revi
The present paper addresses the critical quest for a viable substitute fuel for compression-ignition engines. With rising crude oil prices and the increasing urgency to reduce emissions, our study indicates the substantial potential of nano-additives. Through a succession of extensive experiments, we have discovered…
- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1416-1427Open AccessInvestigating the performance of periwinkle shell tympanotonos fuscatus as energy storage material i
Solar desalination remains a viable technique for addressing the lack of clean water in off-grid and arid locations. Low productivity and over-dependence on the available solar radiation are the main drawbacks of the technology. In this study, the effects of integrating periwinkle shell, an abundant marine bio-waste,…
- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1258-1266Open AccessLarge eddy simulation of anisotropic turbulence investigating thermal field effects
The return to isotropy in anisotropic turbulence is a fundamental topic in turbulence research, providing critical insights into the structural evolution of turbulent flows. While turbulence originates in marked directional dependencies—driven by boundary constraints or external forcing—the decay toward an isotropic…
- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1310-1323Open AccessMathematical analysis of an adiabatic CAES system with integrated thermal energy storage
The share of renewable energy sources in the energy mix has become increasingly important for electricity generation in recent years. However, renewable energy sources have limitations; for example, they are not always available. An advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage system is proposed to address this p…
- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1394-1402Open AccessNonlinear heat transfer analysis of straight fins with temperature-dependent parameters using the fi
This study develops a reliable finite-volume model, implemented in Python, to analyze nonlinear convective–radiative heat transfer in straight fins with nonuniform cross-sections and temperature-dependent properties, which are important in heat exchangers. The one-dimensional steady-state nonlinear equations are solv…
- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1428-1437Open AccessOptimizing air handling unit operations in clean rooms using artificial intelligence
Cleanroom HVAC systems are inherently energy-intensive, as they are required to maintain precise control over both temperature and humidity within stringent limits. Manual controls are no longer adequate, and they cannot adjust to changes in the environment in real time. To provide intelligent, real-time control of c…
- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1368-1380Open AccessStructural and thermal analysis of poly ether ether ketone aluminium composites through finite elem
Increasing automotive usage drives exploration of polymer matrix composite (PMC) materials rather than conventional metals, such as aluminum (Al), for engine pistons and valve plates, to reduce mass and fuel consumption. The PMC materials generally offer many advantages but have poor thermal properties. Since poly(et…
- Research ArticleIssue 4 · 2026pp. 1267-1281Open AccessThermal performance of a lid-driven cavity with a rotating cylinder using encapsulated phase change
In this study, we numerically investigate the thermal behavior of two types of nanofluids under mixed convection, both subjected to the same operating conditions. One nanofluid contains nanoencapsulated phase change material particles with gallium cores and silica shells (Ga@ SiO2), while the other uses conventional…
- Research ArticleIssue 3 · 2026pp. 1066-1084Open AccessApplication of industrial wastes material as energy storage a comprehensive review
Using industrial solid waste to generate energy is a viable approach that is attracting increasing attention as a business opportunity for environmentally friendly and cost-effective energy production. The research examines materials such as fly ash (FA), red mud (RM), steel slag (SS), calcium aluminate cement (CAC), a…
- Research ArticleIssue 3 · 2026pp. 935-943Open AccessBio-inspired optimization of fuselage design for enhanced aerodynamic efficiency
The fuselage generates drag, contributing to the airplane’s overall drag. To enhance aerodynamic efficiency and minimize fuel consumption, fuselage drag must be reduced. This study considers the implementation of a novel bio-inspired design modification to improve flow control and reduce drag on the fuselage and the…
- Research ArticleIssue 3 · 2026pp. 944-961Open AccessBiodiesel production from sea green algae using moringa oleifera as heterogeneous catalyst - an appr
Rising concerns over petro-derived fossil fuel depletion and the release of toxic engine exhaust emissions reflect the serious impact of these issues on environmental pollution and their adverse effects on human health. These concerns have stimulated exploration of green, renewable sources of biodiesel feedstocks. Al…
- Research ArticleIssue 3 · 2026pp. 901-910Open AccessComparison of piezoelectric fans with different geometries
The continuous miniaturization of electronic devices makes conventional rotary fans widely adopted in electronic systems, less practical due to their space requirements and undesirable noise generation. Hence, piezoelectric fans have attracted much attention as an alternative cooling solu-tion, due to their compact s…
- Research ArticleIssue 3 · 2026pp. 887-900Open AccessComponent-based exergy modeling of three spool turboprop engine depending on the flight conditions
Aero gas turbine engines, given their key role in aviation, have parameters that depend on flight conditions, and those parameters are extensively modeled using several approaches. Recently, energy and exergy metrics have revealed the engine’s characteristics. In this study, flight-condition- based efficiency modelin…
- Research ArticleIssue 3 · 2026pp. 962-980Open AccessDesign and optimisation of a biochemical fermentor for ethanol production from rice straw a sustaina
The Present work focused on the development and optimisation of an engineering-oriented biochemical fermentor for producing ethanol from rice straw by incorporating pretreatment chemistry, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), material-energy balance, and mechanical design into one engineering frame.…
- Research ArticleIssue 3 · 2026pp. 842-856Open AccessDetermination of the energy consumption of the public building by using BIN method
Energy consumption is particularly relevant to the three-sector concept, including the industrial, service, and agricultural sectors. Consequently, energy consumption in the building and construction sectors has become one of the most pressing global concerns. As the world population grows, the energy demand of buildin…
- Research ArticleIssue 3 · 2026pp. 1146-1158Open AccessEffect of tube arrangement on thermal and flow performance of tube bundle
The design of tube bundle arrangements strongly influences the thermal performance and pressure drop in compact heat exchangers, especially in low-Reynolds number applications where efficiency is critical. In this study, numerical analysis of the effect of unconventional tube bundle arrangements on heat transfer and fl…
- Research ArticleIssue 3 · 2026pp. 1225-1232Open AccessEnhancing the engine parameters of compression ignition engine using mahua biodiesel blend with alum
The performance, combustion, and exhaust emissions analysis was carried out on a one-cylinder Direct Injection Diesel engine that was done using Mahua biodiesel blend contains (25% Mahua BD and 75% diesel along with 100 ppm of (Al2O3) nano additive and 20% exhaust gas recirculation with varying load from 0 to full load…